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How does the cron functionality work in Magento 2, and how can I configure and manage cron jobs effectively?

I’m looking to gain a better understanding of how the cron functionality operates in Magento 2 and how I can utilize it for scheduling and automating tasks within my store. Specifically, I have the following questions:

How does the cron system work in Magento 2? What are its key components and how do they interact with each other?

How can I configure and manage cron jobs effectively in Magento 2? What are the available options for scheduling and executing cron tasks?

What are some common use cases for utilizing cron in a Magento 2 store? Are there any best practices or recommendations for determining which tasks should be executed via cron?

How can I troubleshoot and debug cron-related issues in Magento 2? Are there any log files or tools available to help diagnose problems with cron jobs?

I would greatly appreciate any insights, explanations, or tips that can help me understand and make the most of the cron functionality in Magento 2.